2022
USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR
DRUGS AND
MEDICATIONS
800.633.2472
LAST REVISED DECEMBER 2021
USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS
Please direct all inquires to:
United States Equestrian Federation
®
Equine Drugs and Medications Program
956 King Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43212
Phone 800.633.2472
Fax 614.299.7706
Email: [email protected]
A commitment to the health, welfare and safety of
the equine athlete is the common thread that binds
all equestrian sport. The USEF Equine Drugs and
Medication Program is driven by this commitment.
The USEF recognizes that horses under its jurisdictions
might require legitimate, therapeutic treatment near the
time of competition. The Equine Drugs and Medications
Rules addresses these circumstances.
The information in this booklet is current at the time
of printing, but is subject to change at any time. Please
regularly check the Drugs and Medication web page for
information and updates.
COVER: TAYLOR PENCE
Online USEF
Medication
Report Form
USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS
UPDATES
THE PROHIBITION OF BISPHOSPHONATES
EFFECTIVE //
The United States Equestrian Federation (USEF) Board of
Directors has voted to prohibit the use of a class of drugs called
bisphosphonates (GR414.6). Bisphosphonates inhibit bone resorption
by binding to osteoclasts and are used in osteoporotic women to
reduce bone loss. There are two FDA approved bisphosphonates
for the treatment of navicular disease in horses. An exception
to the prohibition of bisphosphonates, the two FDA approved
bisphosphonates for equine use; Tildren®(tildronate disodium) and
Osphos®(clodronate disodium), will be permitted if all components
of GR411 are complied with, and the horse to be treated is 4 years of
age or older All other bisphosphonates are prohibited and GR411 does
not apply. The detection times for human approved bisphosphonates
can be lengthy and can exceed one year. Only the two FDA approved
equine bisphosphonates have a 28 day detection time and can be
used in horses competing at USEF competitions, are at least 4 years
of age, and compliance with GR411 is documented with the electronic
ling of a medication report form (MRF).
THE PROHIBITION OF TRACHEOTOMY/
TRACHEOSTOMY
EFFECTIVE //
The United States Equestrian Federation (USEF) Board of Directors
has voted to prohibit horses competing with a tracheotomy/
tracheostomy (GR414.7). This is a prohibited practice as it presents
an increased inherent risk to the horse.
THE USE OF MEDROXYPROGESTERONE
ACETATE IS NOW PROHIBITED
EFFECTIVE //
The United States Equestrian Federation (USEF) Board of Directors
has voted to prohibit the use of Medroxyprogesterone acetate
(MPA) in horses competing in USEF-licensed competitions eective
December 1, 2019.
In early 2017, USEF convened a panel of industry experts to review
MPA and its use in horses competing at USEF-licensed competitions.
The MPA Panel (Panel) held a workshop and a town hall meeting to
gather feedback from members and veterinarians and subsequently
met to review research and drug studies. The result of data analysis
led to the Panel’s recommendation to require disclosure of MPA
administration in competition horses. The USEF Board of Directors
voted to approve the Panel’s recommendation, and the requirement to
submit an MPA Disclosure Form for any horse receiving administration
of MPA while competing at a USEF-licensed competition became
eective September 1, 2017. Since that date, pharmacokinetic data
related to MPA administration has been collected and analyzed.
On October 22, 2019, following reports of equine fatalities and
anaphylaxis related to the use of MPA, USEF’s MPA Panel met to
further analyze the use of MPA in horses competing at USEF-licensed
competitions. The Panel reviewed a recent petition by numerous
veterinarians requesting that USEF ban the use of MPA which was
supported by documentation citing 23 fatalities associated with MPA
use over the last three years, research on the ecacy of the substance,
and the results from the collection of MPA medication reports.
The Panel determined MPA has no therapeutic use in competition
horses, as it does not interrupt estrus in mares, which predicated its
original use. Additionally, MPA is not approved by the United States
Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for use in equines and its use
has been reported and documented to be associated with several
cases of anaphylaxis and fatality. As a result of this analysis, the Panel
voted unanimously to recommend MPA is added to the list of USEF
prohibited substances.
“In 2017, we debated the use of this substance and its ecacy, but
now, with numerous fatalities associated with the use of MPA, this
decision became clear: MPA must be banned,” said USEF President
Murray Kessler. “I commend the Panel for confronting a dicult task
that involved very strong opinions on both sides of the issue from our
membership. The information clearly supports the prohibition of this
substance and I am proud of the decision of the Board of Directors.
USEF has a responsibility to ensure the welfare of our horses, and
the loss of one horse resulting from the use of a non-therapeutic
substance such as MPA is one too many.”
The Panel stressed that in addition to providing the reasons
supporting their recommendation, the prohibition of the use of MPA
must be enacted as quickly as possible. Starting December 1, 2019,
MPA in horses competing at USEF-licensed competitions will be
prohibited. However, due to the length of time involved for MPA to
clear a horse’s system, sanctions for a positive test result will begin on
June 1, 2020. The USEF has classied MPA as a Category III substance
which has a penalty range starting at a 3-6 month suspension and a
ne of $3,000-$6,000 for a rst oense.
USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS
CAUTION AGAINST THE USE OF HERBAL/
NATURAL PRODUCTS
TRAINERS, OWNERS, EXHIBITORS, AND THEIR VETERINARIANS ARE
CAUTIONED AGAINST THE USE OF MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS,
TONICS, PASTES, POWDERS AND PRODUCTS OF ANY KIND,
INCLUDING THOSE USED TOPICALLY.
Persons administering an herbal or natural product to a horse or pony
to aect its performance, having been comforted by claims that the
plant origin of its ingredients cause it to be permitted by the rules as
well as undetectable by drug tests, might have been misled.
The use of herbal and natural products in a horse or pony might result
in a positive drug test, i.e., a nding of a prohibited substance, contrary
to claims by those who manufacture and/or market such products
for prot. The plant origin of any ingredient does not preclude its
containing a pharmacologically potent and readily detectable prohibited
substance, e. g., cocaine, heroin and marijuana all come from plants.
Although the use of some of these products may not have resulted
in positive drug tests in the past, this may change as the Laboratory
incorporates new methods into its battery of screening tests, a
deliberate and ongoing process.
For the above reasons, the Federation cautions against the use of
herbal and natural products. The ingredients and properties of products
to be classied as prohibited are included but not limited too vialerian,
kava kava, passionower, skullcap, chamomile, vervain, leopard’s bane,
night shade, capsaicin, comfrey, devil’s claw, hops, laurel, lavender, red
poppy and rawuola.
“APPROVED” OR “ENDORSED” PRODUCTS
USEF does not approve, endorse, or sanction herbal, natural or
medicinal products of any kind. Trainers, owners and exhibitors
are advised to disregard any such representations, statements or
testimonials made by the manufacturer. Any individual who becomes
aware of a product, the label of which contains a statement that it is
“USEF Approved” or “USEF Endorsed,” etc., should forward a copy of
the label to the oce of the Equine Drugs and Medications Program.
PROHIBITED PRACTICES
The identication of PROHIBITED PRACTICES has been a focus of
the Federation over the last several years. Please see GR414 (p.35 of
these Guidelines) for explanations regarding restrictions on:
• 12 HOUR RULE regarding injections
• Restrictions on Intra-articular injections
• Shockwave Therapy
• Bisphosphonate use
• Tracheotomy/tracheostomy
USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS
acepromazine
acetophenazine
acetylpromazine
albuterol (Salbutamol)
aminophylline
antihistamines
(class of drugs)
apomorphine
atropine
benzocaine
(Anbesol, Capacol)
benzodiazepines*
(class of drugs)
beta blockers *
(class of drugs)
betamethasone
(Celestone)
bethanechol chloride
bupivacaine (Marcaine)
buprenorphine
(Bruprenex)
butorphanol
(Torbugesic)
camphor
cetirizine (Zyrtec)
chlorothiazide
chlorpheniramine
Ciclesonide (Aservo®
EquiHaler®)
clenbuterol
(Ventipulmin)
clodronate disodium
(Osphos®;
bisphosponate)
codeine
corticosteroids*
(class of drugs)
cyproheptadine
dantrolene (Dantrium)
desmethylpyrilamine
detomidine
(Dormosedan)
dextromethorphan
dextromoramide
diazepam (Vallum)
diphenhydramine
dipyrone (Zimeta)
doxapram
dyphylline
epinephrine
(adrenaline)
etamiphylline
etidocaine
fentanyl
furosemide (Lasix)
glycerol guaiacolate
glycopyrrolate
guaifenesin (Mucinex)
hydrochlorothiazide
(Naquasone compounded
products)
hydroxyzine
ipratropium (Atrovent)
isoupredone
(Predef 2x)
ketamine
lidocaine
lorazepam
medetomidine
(Domitor)
mepivacaine
(Carbocaine V)
methylprednisolone
(DepoMedrol)
morphine
naloxone
nefopam
nitroglycerin
opiates*
orphenadrine citrate
oxybutynin (Ditropan)
oxymetazoline
passion ower
pentoxifylline
pergolide mesylate
phenylephrine
phenytoin
piperacetazine
pramoxine (Caladryl)
prilocaine
procaine
procaine penicillin
(penicillin G;
intramuscular)
promazine
promethazine
pyrilamine (Tri-Hist
Granules)
romidine (Sedivet)
salmeterol
scopolamine
terfenadine
tetracaine
theophylline
tiludronate disodium
(Tildren®;
bisphosphonate)
triamcinolone
acetonide (Vetalog)
trichlormethiazide
(formerly in Naquasome)
tripelennamine
tropicamide
xylazine
(Rompun, AnaSed)
xylocaine
COMMON PROHIBITED
SUBSTANCES UNDER USEF EQUINE
DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS RULES
Permitted with Medication Report Form (MRF)
according to GR411
*some drugs in this class
are not acceptable with
the MRF
alfentanil
Alpha-casozepine
(Zylkene®)
alprazolam
amitriptyline (Elavil)
amphetamines
(class of drugs)
apomorphine
arsenic
ashwaghanda
azaperone
barbiturates
(class of drugs)
belladonna
benperidol
bisphosphonates
(except those FDA
approved for equine use)
boldenone
bromperidol
bumetanide
buspirone
caeine
cannabinoids
including CBD
(Cannabidiol)
(synthetic & natural)
and other
cannabimimetics
capsaicin
carfentanil
carisoprodol
(“Soma-tabs”)
carprofen (Rimadyl)
chloral hydrate
chloralbutanol
chlorpromazine
(Thorazine)
chlorprothixene
clozapine
cocaine
comfrey
cycobenzaprine
devil’s claw
dextromoramide
dezocine
digoxin
dipremorphine
doxepin
droperidol
dyphylline
ephedrine
epoetin alfa
erythropoetin (EPO)
ethacrynic acid
ethchlorvynol
ethyl alcohol
etodolac
etomidate
etorphine
eugenol
fenuramine
fenspiride
fentiazac
uanisone
uoxetine (Prozac)
uphenazine (Prolixin)
GABA
gabapentin (Neurontin)
ginger root
guanabenz (Wytensin)
haloperidol
homotropine
hydrocodone
hydromorphone
imipramine
kava kava
ketorolac
laurel
leopard’s bane
levallorphan
levorphanol
lithium
lorazepam (Ativan)
LSD
mabuterol
mazindol
meclizine
medroxyprogesterone
acetate
(MPA; Depo-Provera)
meloxicam
meperidine
mepenzolate bromide
mephentermine
meprylcaine
methadone
methaqualone
methamphetamine
methyldopa
methylphenidate
(Ritalin)
metomidate
milenperone
molindone
moperone
nalbuphine
nalmefene
nandrolone
nikethamide
nitrazepam
night shade
oxymetazoline (Afrin®)
oxymorphone
paroxetine
pentazocine
phencyclidine
phenibut
phenobarbital
phentermine
phenylpropanolamin
piperacetazine
pirenperone
prazepam
prethcamide
procaterol
prochlorperazine
procyclidine
propentofylline
propiomazine
propionylpromazine
propoxyphene
propranolol
ractopamine (Paylean)
rauwola
red poppy
reserpine (Serpasil)
risperidone
sertraline
sodium cacodylate
spiperone
sufentanil
stanozolol (Winstrol-V)
strychnine
sumatriptan
synephrine
terbutaline sulfate
testosterone
THC
theobromine
tolmetin
tramadol
trazodone
triuperidol
trihexyphenidyl
valerian
vervain
zilpaterol
zolpidem
For FEI Prohibited Substances go to:
inside.fei.org/fei/cleansport/ad-h/prohibited-list
No Medication Report Form (MRF) Accepted
USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS
PLEASE NOTE
DO NOT administer more than one permitted NSAID at a time within
the 72 hours prior to the horse entering the competition ring.
Whenever two NSAIDs are administered, one must be discontinued at
least three (3) days prior to competing.
Whenever any NSAID is administered that does not appear on the
permitted list (GR 410.4), it must not have been administered dur-
ing the seven days prior to competing. Exception: Dipyrone is not
considered a second NSAID; GR411 will apply.”
Ex. Meloxicam is not an approved NSAID and must not be adminis-
tered within the 7 days prior to competing.
The maximum treatment time for any of the above permitted medica-
MEDICATION
GENERIC NAME
Dexamethasone
Diclofenac
Firocoxib
Phenylbutazone
(“bute”)
Flunixin meglumine
Ketoprofen
Meclofenamic acid
Naproxen
Methocarbamol
MEDICATION
TRADE NAME
Azium
®
Surpass
®
Equioxx
®
Butazolidin
®
Banamine
®
Ketofen
®
Arquel
®
Naprosyn
®
Robaxin
®
MAX DOSAGE PER
POUND OF BODY WEIGHT
1.0 mg/100Lb
(10 mg/1000Lb) or
0.5 mg/100Lb
(5.0 mg/1000Lb) or
5 inch ribbon, ½ inch
thick, one site
0.1 mg/kg
(0.0455 mg/Lb)
(45.5 mg/1000Lb)
2.0 mg/Lb
(2.0 grams/1000Lb)
or 1.0 mg/Lb
(1.0 grams/1000Lb)
0.5 mg/Lb
(500 mg/1000Lb)
1.0 mg/Lb
(1.0 gram/1000Lb)
0.5 mg/Lb
(500 mg/1000Lb)
4.0 mg/Lb
(4.0 grams/1000Lb)
5.0 mg/Lb
(5.0 grams/1000Lb)
RESTRICTED MEDICATION DOSE AND
TIME RECOMMENDATIONS
tions is ve days, with the exceptions of diclofenac and rocoxib.
The maximum treatment time for diclofenac is 10 successive days,
and the maximum treatment time for rocoxib is 14 successive days.
Caution is urged when using compounded medications with varying
administration routes not specied above. ONLY the above ad-
ministration routes with non-compounded medications have been
evaluated for the dose and time recommendations.
This chart is for quick reference only and should not be used in place
of the detailed guidelines on the following pages.
LATEST ADMINISTRA
TION HOUR PRIOR TO
COMPETITION
>12 hours
>*6 hours
>12 hours
>12 hours
>12 hours
AM & PM feed
>12 hours
>12 hours
>12 hours
>12 hours
ADMINISTRATION
METHOD
(single dose per 24 hours unless
specied otherwise)
Oral, IV, IM
*IV
Topical, 2 doses each
day 12 hours apart
Oral
Oral, IV
Oral, 2 doses each day,
12 hours apart
Oral, IV
IV
Oral, 2 doses each day,
12 hours apart
Oral
Oral, IV
CLASS OF DRUG
Corticosteroid
NSAID
NSAID
NSAID
NSAID
NSAID
NSAID
NSAID
Muscle relaxant
* MUST BE ADMINISTERED BY A
VETERINARIAN AND A MEDICATION
REPORT FORM FILED.
USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS
HOW LONG DRUGS REMAIN DETECTABLE
Anabolic Steroids (GR411 does not apply)
boldenone _________________________________________82 days
nandrolone ________________________________________35 days
stanozolol _________________________________________47 days
testosterone _______________________________________30 days
Long-acting Tranquilizers and Psychotropics
(GR411 does not apply)
long-acting tranquilizers and psychotropics, e.g.,
uphenazine and reserpine ________________________90 days
gabapentin _______________________________________14 days
Shorter-acting Tranquilizers and Sedatives
shorter-acting tranquilizers and sedatives, e.g.,
acepromazine, detomidine, and xylazine ________________7 days
detomidine (Dormosedan
®
) __________________________48 hours
The 48 hour detection time is dose dependent, which means
administering this drug in excess of a single intravenous dose
(20 μg/kg, or 0.9 mg/100lb) can increase the potential for a
positive nding. Detomidine is a sedative and the penalties for
detections can involve signicant nes and suspensions.
GR411 does not apply for non-therapeutic uses of this drug,
and a medication report form should not be led if used non-
therapeutically more than 48 hours prior to competition.
*Please consult your veterinarian for guidance in following the above dosing
recommendation.
Other Medications
Bisphosphonates, e.g.,Osphos(R)and Tildren(R); only FDA approved for
equine use______________________________________28 days
Procaine and procaine penicillin_______________________14 days
local anesthetics other than procaine, e.g., lidocaine
and mepivacaine ___________________________________7 days
methylprednisolone ________________________________14 days
isoupredone (intra-articular injection) ________________7 days
isoupredone (sacroilliac injection) ____________________28 days
corticosteroids other than methylprednisolone and
isoupredone, e.g., triamcinolone and betamethasone ____7 days
nonsteroidal anti-inammatory drugs,
phenylbutazone and unixin __________________________3 days
antihistamines, e.g., cyproheptadine and pyrilamine ______7 days
hydroxyzine and cetirizine____________________________10 days
respiratory drugs, e.g., albuterol _______________________7 days
isoxsuprine ________________________________________21 days
medroxyprogesterone acetate (Depo-Provera
®
)_________90 days
The above information about drug detection serves two main purposes.
In the context of competing under the USEF’s Prohibited Substance
Rule (GR 409) or under FEI Regulations (in the United States) it
provides information about how long after the administration of a
particular drug it is necessary to refrain from competition in order for
the horse to compete in compliance with the rules. In the context of
competing under the USEF’s Therapeutic Substance Rule (GR 410-412),
it provides information about how long after the administration of a
prohibited, therapeutic substance it is necessary to le a Medication
Report Form in order for the horse to compete in compliance with
the rule. In the case of prohibited, non-therapeutic substances, e.g.
uphenazine and reserpine, it provides information about how long
after the administration of such a drug substance it is necessary to
refrain from competition in order for the drug substance to be no
longer detectable in the blood or urine sample of the horse.
The above information is applicable for horses and ponies competing in
the United States. It is not applicable to any animal competing outside
the United States or under any drug testing program using a laboratory
other than the USEF Designated Laboratory.
The FEI may publish alternate detection times for some substances
which are to be followed when competing under FEI rules. Please
review FEI List of Detection Times at: https://inside.fei.org/system/
les/FEI%20Detection%20Times%202018_0.pdf
The above information is current at the time of this printing. However,
the Federation systematically renes existing drug tests to make them
more sensitive, and it develops new tests. Improved testing procedures
are routinely implemented at any time without prior notice. Therefore,
the time guidelines on the following page might become obsolete as
new and more sensitive procedures are implemented. Reliance upon
the following guidelines will not serve as a defense to a charge of
violation of the rule in the event of a positive drug test.
The above information is applicable to most horses and ponies.
Nevertheless, reliance upon it does not guarantee compliance with
the rules, since the response of individual horses and ponies may vary.
Exhibitors, owners, and trainers should consult the drug manufacturer
and knowledgeable veterinarians for up-to-date information and more
specic advice concerning the therapeutic use of a drug or medication
for a particular horse or pony.
The above information is made available with the assumption that any
and all drugs and medications are used only for a therapeutic purpose,
i.e., the diagnosis and/or treatment of illness or injury, and that any
dose administered is a conservative, therapeutic dose, consistent with
the manufacturer’s recommendations. The following guidelines are
not part of the rules.
Depending upon the drug administration scenario, e.g., the formulation of
the drug, the dose or doses administered, the frequency of administration,
the route or routes of administration, the weight of the horse or pony,
the health condition of the animal, etc., it is possible that the following
substances and their metabolites (by- products) might remain detectable
in the blood or urine sample of the animal for a number of days following
the nal administration of the substance, as follows:
For guidelines on any other drug or medication, call 800.633.2472
THIS INFORMATION, IF HEEDED, WILL MINIMIZE THE CHANCES
OF POSITIVES FOR PROHIBITED SUBSTANCES; HOWEVER, ALL
TRAINERS, OWNERS, AND EXHIBITORS ARE CAUTIONED THAT
THE FOREGOING ARE ONLY GENERAL GUIDELINES, AND IT IS THE
TRAINER’S RESPONSIBILITY TO SEE TO IT THAT CONDITIONS
PREVAIL FOR FULL COMPLIANCE WITH ALL USEF RULES.
USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS
GUIDELINES REGARDING THE USEF
EQUINE DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS RULE
Introduction
The following guidelines includes advice about understanding the
USEF Equine Drugs and Medications Rule and applying it in practical
situations. Their purpose is to help accommodate legitimate therapy
in compliance with the requirements of the rules. THESE ARE ONLY
GUIDELINES. It is important to consult a licensed veterinarian in
determining whether the substance is required for the welfare of
the horse or pony and when determining the dosage under the USEF
Equine Drugs and Medication Rules.
Dierent Rules for Dierent Groups
GR 410-412 applies to most breeds and disciplines that compete under
USEF Rules subject to the Therapeutic Substance Provisions.
GR409 has changed to the Prohibited Substances Provisions and
applies to all FEI recognized disciplines. The Endurance Discipline is
subject to the Prohibited Substance Provisions (GR 409).
FEI recognized events are subject to the FEI Veterinary Regulations
and the FEI Equine Anti-Doping and Controlled Medication
Regulations. The FEI maintains a Prohibited Substance Rule, which
includes reporting requirements for the treatment of illness and injury.
See www.fei.org for more information on FEI Equine Anti-Doping and
Controlled Medication Rules.
Conditions for Therapeutic Administrations of
Prohibited Substances
There are certain conditions under which a prohibited substance might
be used in compliance with USEF Equine Drugs and Medications Rules for
therapeutic reasons. The complete process and conditions are provided
on page 33 of these guidelines under GR411.
After a horse or pony has been administered any product containing a
prohibited substance, and before the animal is returned to competition,
the following requirements must be met:
1. The product containing the prohibited substance must be used for
a legitimate therapeutic purpose only. The rule includes a provision
for the use of a prohibited substance for the diagnosis or treatment
of illness or injury only. If a prohibited substance is administered for
any other purpose, e.g., clipping, shipping, training, the animal must
be kept out of competition until the prohibited substance is no
longer detectable in the animal’s blood or urine sample. Depending
upon the prohibited substance this can be a long time (see HOW
LONG DRUGS REMAIN DETECTABLE on page 10).
2. After a horse or pony is administered a product containing a
prohibited substance for a legitmate therapeutic purpose, the
animal must be withdrawn from competition for at least 24
hours. This is a uniform requirement for all therapeutic prohibited
substances and there are no exceptions.
3. A MRF must be led documenting the therapeutic use of a prohibited
substance. All this must be done within one hour after administration.
Eective 12/1/21, all MRF’s must be led online. If an online form
cannot be submitted due to lack of internet or phone service, a
paper form may be submitted. This option must only be used when
submitting the online form is impossible.
All this must be done within one hour after administration. (see p.17).
(see HOW LONG DRUGS REMAIN DETECTABLE on page 10).
Guidelines for the Therapeutic Use of Dexamethasone
and Other Corticosteroids
USEF Rules provide for the use of corticosteroids such as dexamethasone
in horses only for a therapeutic purpose, i.e., for the treatment of existing
inammatory conditions related to illness or injury. The rules do not
permit the use of corticosteroids for a non-therapeutic purpose, i.e., to
aect the mood or enhance the performance of the horse.
The rules establish a quantitative restriction for dexamethasone, i.e., a
maximum permitted plasma concentration (uid portion in blood).
In order to help trainers, owners, and their veterinarians achieve
compliance with this rule in connection with the therapeutic use of
dexamethasone, it should be administered in accordance with the
guidelines below. Whenever dexamethasone is administered, the dose
should be accurately calculated according to the actual weight of the
animal. Due to the adoption of the 12-Hour Rule prohibiting injections
from being administered within the 12 hours prior to competing, a new
plasma level of 0.5 nanograms per milliliter at the time of competition
has been determined when dexamethasone has been given by a
licensed veterinarian under the provisions of the 12-Hour Rule.
Alternative Number 1
Dexamethasone administration IV or IM at 12 or More hours prior
to competing
Each 24 hours, not more than 1.0 milligrams of dexamethasone injectable
solution per 100 pounds of body weight should be administered
intravenously or intramuscularly. For a 1000 pound animal, the maximum
daily intravenous or intramuscular dose of dexamethasone injectable
solution is 10.0 milligrams, which equals 2.5 milliliters of the injectable
solution (4.0 milligrams per milliliter). No part of this dose should be
administered during the 12 hours prior to competing. Dexamethasone
should not be administered for more than ve successive days.
Alternative Number 2
Dexamethasone administration IV or IM at 6 or More hours prior
to competing by a licensed veterinarian for the treatment of hives
(urticarial)
IMPORTANT: This alternative dose for dexamethasone can only be
administered by a licensed veterinarian for the treatment of hives
(urticarial). A Medication Report Form must be led consistent
with GR411. The ling of a Medication Report Form is required
to document compliance with the new 12-Hour Rule prohibiting
injections in the 12 hour period prior to competing.
Each 24 hours, not more than 0.5 milligrams of dexamethasone
injectable solution per 100 pounds of body weight should be
administered intravenously, preferably less. For a 1000 pound animal,
the maximum daily intravenous dose of dexamethasone injectable
solution is 5.0 milligrams, which equals 1.25 milliliters of the injectable
solution (4.0 milligrams per milliliter). No part of this dose should be
administered during the 6 hours prior to competing. Dexamethasone
should not be administered for more than ve successive days.
USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS
Alternative Number 3
Dexamethasone administration orally at 12 or MORE hours prior to
competing
Each 24 hours, not more than 1.0 milligrams of dexamethasone
powder per 100 pounds of body weight should be administered orally,
preferably less. For a 1000 pound animal, the maximum daily oral
dose of dexamethasone powder is 10.0 milligrams, which equals one
packet of dexamethasone powder (10.0 milligrams per packet). No
part of this dose should be administered during the 12 hours prior
to competing. Any medicated feed should be either consumed or
removed at least 12 hours prior to competing. Dexamethasone should
not be administered for more than ve successive days.
Corticosteroids other than dexamethasone, e.g., prednisone,
prednisolone, Solu-Delta-Cortef®, triamcinolone acetonide,
betamethasone, methylprednisolone (Depo-Medrol
®
) and others, are
classied as prohibited substances, and use of these drugs is subject
to the requirements of GR411. This means these substances are to be
used only for a therapeutic purpose, i.e., for the treatment of existing
inammatory conditions related to illness or injury; they are to be
administered at a time not closer than 24 hours prior to competing;
and a MRF must be led under USEF rules in connection with any
administration performed by any route during the 7 days prior to
competing. When using the corticosteroid methylprednisolone (Depo-
Medrol
®
), the recommendation is to le a Medication Report Form if
competing within 14 days of administration.
When using the corticosteroid isoupredone (Predef2X
®
) in injecting
the sacro-iliac (SI) joint, the recommendation is to le a MRF if
competing within 28 days of administration.
Trainers, owners, and their veterinarians are cautioned against the
use of dexamethasone isonicotinate injectable solution, because
administration studies have shown it is not eliminated from the plasma
as quickly as dexamethasone injectable solution. Therefore, the use of
dexamethasone isonicotinate injectable might result in an inadvertent
overage, i.e., a plasma concentration of dexamethasone in excess of
the maximum permitted plasma concentration of 0.5 nanograms per
milliliter at the time of competition.
Whenever dexamethasone injectable solution or dexamethasone
oral powder is administered in a manner that might cause the plasma
concentration to exceed the maximum permitted by the rule, the
trainer and owner must withdraw the animal from competition for
a sucient amount of time such that the plasma concentration of
dexamethasone returns to acceptable limits prior to competition.
Products or preparations that contain dexamethasone or another
corticosteroid as an active ingredient (e.g. a Naquasone
®
bolus contains
5.0 milligrams of dexamethasone), should be used in accordance with
the guidelines listed, taking into account the actual weight of the animal.
Some products or preparations containing dexamethasone may also
contain a diuretic (e.g. hydrochlorothiazide or chlorothiazide) which is
considered a prohibited substance and a Medication Report Form must be
led to document compliance with GR411 when using these products.
Guidelines for the Therapeutic Use of a Nonsteroidal
Anti-Inammatory Drug (NSAID) and Methocarbamol
Eective December 1, 2011, USEF GR410 restricts the use in horses
and ponies of not more than one nonsteroidal anti-inammatory
drug (NSAID) at a time (of those permitted to be used), imposes
quantitative restrictions on those permitted, and forbids the use of
any other NSAID. The information in this article will help owners,
trainers, and their veterinarians stay in compliance with these rules, as
they treat their horses and ponies with NSAIDs.
NSAIDs are to be administered to a horse or pony only for a
therapeutic purpose. The following are permitted to be used (these
are the generic names, not brand names): diclofenac liposomal
cream, rocoxib, phenylbutazone, unixin meglumine, ketoprofen,
meclofenamic acid, and naproxen. When administered, the NSAIDs
above should be administered in accordance with the guidelines
below, and no other NSAIDs are to be administered.
Brand name examples:
Surpass (diclofenac liposomal)
Equioxx (rocoxib)
Bute (phenylbutazone)
Banamine, Flunazine (unixin meglumin)
Ketofen (ketoprofen)
Arquel (meclofenamic acid)
Naproxen
1. Whenever diclofenac liposomal cream is administered, not more
than 73 mg should be administered, to not more than one aected
site, each 12 hours (i.e., not more that 146 mg per 24 hour period).
This 73 mg dose equals a 5-inch ribbon of cream not greater than
½ inch in width, which should be rubbed thoroughly into the hair
over the joint or aected site using gloved hands. Administration
of diclofenac cream should be discontinued at least 12 hours prior
to competing. Do not apply diclofenac cream in combination with
any other topical preparations including DMSO, nitrofurazone,
or liniments, and do not use on an open wound. The maximum
treatment time for diclofenac cream is 10 successive days.
2. Whenever rocoxib is administered, the dose should be accurately
calculated according to the actual weight of the animal. Each 24
hours, not more than 0.0455 mg per pound of body weight should
be administered. For a 1000 pound animal, the maximum daily dose
is 45.5 mg, which equals four markings on the dosing syringe that
contains the medication and is supplied by the manufacturer. No
part of a dose should be administered during the 12 hours prior to
competing. Any medicated feed must be consumed and/or removed
at least 12 hours prior to competing. The maximum treatment time
for rocoxib is 14 successive days.
3. Whenever phenylbutazone is administered, the dose should be
accurately calculated according to the actual weight of the animal.
Each 24 hours, not more than 2.0 milligrams per pound of body
weight should be administered, preferably less. For a 1000 pound
animal, the maximum daily dose is 2.0 grams, which equals two
1.0 gram tablets, or two 1.0 gram units of paste, or 10.0 cc of the
injectable (200 milligrams per milliliter). Neither a total daily dose
nor part of an injectable dose should be administered during the
12 hours prior to competing. In the event the phenylbutazone is
administered orally, half of the maximum daily dose (1.0 grams
USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS
per 1000 lbs.) can be administered each 12 hours during a ve
day treatment program. The maximum treatment time for
phenylbutazone is ve successive days.
4. Whenever unixin meglumine is administered, the dose should
be accurately calculated according to the actual weight of the
animal. Each 24 hours, not more than 0.5 milligrams per pound of
body weight should be administered, preferably less. For a 1000
pound animal, the maximum daily dose is 500 milligrams, which
equals two 250 milligram packets of granules, or one 500 milligram
packet of granules or 500 milligrams of the oral paste (available
in 1500 milligram dose syringes), or 10.0 cc of the injectable (50
milligrams per milliliter). No part of a dose should be administered
during the 12 hours prior to competing. Any medicated feed must
be consumed and/or removed at least 12 hours prior to competing.
The maximum treatment time for unixin meglumine is ve
successive days.
5. Whenever ketoprofen is administered, the dose should be
accurately calculated according to the actual weight of the animal.
Each 24 hours, not more than 1.0 milligrams per pound of body
weight should be administered, preferably less. For a 1000 pound
animal, the maximum daily dose is 1.0 grams, which equals 10.0 cc
of the injectable (100 milligrams per milliliter). No part of a dose
should be administered during the 12 hours prior to competing.
The maximum treatment time for ketoprofen is ve successive days.
6. Whenever meclofenamic acid is administered, the dose should be
accurately calculated according to the actual weight of the animal.
Each 12 hours, not more than 0.5 milligrams per pound of body
weight should be administered, preferably less. For a 1000 pound
animal, the maximum 12 hour dose is 0.5 grams, which equals one
500 milligram packet of granules. The maximum treatment time for
meclofenamic acid is ve successive days.
7. Whenever naproxen is administered, the dose should be accurately
calculated according to the actual weight of the animal. Each 24
hours, not more than 4.0 milligrams per pound of body weight
should be administered, preferably less. For a 1000 pound animal,
the maximum daily dose is 4.0 grams, which equals eight 500
milligram tablets. No part of a dose should be administered during
the 12 hours prior to competing. Any medicated feed should be
consumed and/or removed at least 12 hours prior to competing.
The maximum treatment time for naproxen is ve successive days.
8. Whenever a permitted NSAID is administered, any additional
permitted NSAID must not have been administered during the
three (3) days prior to competing.
9. Whenever any NSAID is administered that is not permitted to be
used, it should not have been administered during the seven days
prior to competing.
Whenever any NSAID is administered to a horse or pony in a
manner that might cause the plasma concentration to exceed
the quantitative restrictions of the rule (in the case of those
permitted to be used), or might cause more than one NSAID to
be detected in the animal’s blood or urine sample, or might cause
the NSAID to be detected at any concentration in the animal’s
blood or urine sample (in the case of those not permitted to
be used), the trainer and owner must withdraw the horse or
pony from competition, and the animal should be withheld from
competition until the plasma concentration of any permitted
NSAID returns to acceptable concentrations and/or until any
NSAID prohibited at any concentration is no longer present in the
animal’s blood or urine sample.
Regarding Methocarbamol
1. Whenever methocarbamol is administered, the dose should be
accurately calculated according to the actual weight of the horse
or pony. Each 24 hours, not more than 5.0 mg per pound of body
weight should be administered, preferably less. For a 1000 pound
animal, the maximum dose each 24 hours is 5.0 grams, which equals
ten 500 milligram tablets or 50 cc of the injectable (100 milligrams
per milliliter). No dose should be administered during the 24 hours
immediately following the prior dose.
2. No part of a dose should be administered during the 12 hours
prior to competing. Any medicated feed must be consumed and/
or removed at least 12 hours prior to competing. Methocarbamol
should not be administered for more than ve successive days.
In any instance methocarbamol has been administered to a horse
or pony in a manner that might cause the plasma concentration to
exceed the quantitative restriction of the rule, the trainer and owner
must withdraw the horse or pony from competition, and the animal
should be withheld from competition until the plasma concentration
returns to acceptable levels.
Additional Restriction for Particular Classes/Divisions
Anabolic Steroids
Eective December 1, 2011, anabolic steroids are considered
prohibited for all breeds and disciplines competing under USEF
Rules. No anabolic steroid is to be administered to a horse or pony
in the time before competition such that it, or any metabolite of it,
might be present in the animal, or might be detectable in its blood
or urine sample at the time of competition. This means that no
anabolic steroids can be administered and/or any surgical implants
must be removed suciently in advance of competing such that
these substances are not present in the blood or urine at the time of
competition (see HOW LONG DRUGS REMAIN DETECTABLE on p.10)
The Requirement to Submit, Observe, Cooperate, and Assist
GR402 requires trainers, owners, and their representatives to submit
their horses and ponies to the collection of both blood and urine
samples, at the discretion of the testing veterinarian appointed by
USEF. The animal is to be left in the charge of the testing personnel
until all sample collections are completed, or until, in the exclusive
discretion of the testing personnel, the animal is released.
In accordance with GR402, trainers are urged to accompany the
testing personnel and the animal during the time that samples are
collected, labeled, and sealed, and to serve as witness to these
procedures. In the event he or she is unwilling or unable to do so,
the trainer is urged to appoint an agent to serve as witness to these
procedures. Failure to witness these procedures, and/or failure to
USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS
appoint an agent to do so, precludes a trainer from subsequently
challenging the identity of the horse or pony from which samples
were collected, or the procedures employed in collecting, labeling, or
sealing the samples.
GR403 requires trainers, owners, and their agents to cooperate with
the testing personnel, to take the horse or pony immediately to the
location selected by the testing personnel for sample collections, to
present the animal for sample collections, to cooperate in the prompt
procurement of samples with no unnecessary delays, and to exhibit
polite attitude and actions to the testing personnel at all times.
Failure to comply with all of the requirements of GR402 and 403 is a
potentially serious violation of the rules that can result in the issuance of
charges of a rule violation by the Federation. Those found to have violated
these rules can be subject to suspensions, nes, and the revocation of
winnings, at the discretion of the Federation’s Hearing Committee.
Electronic Filing of Equine Drug and Medications
Report Forms
Eective 12/1/21, USEF will only accept MRF’s that are led electronically.
This form can be submitted at any time prior to competition, but is still
under the same time requirements as the paper version. If an online form
cannot be submitted due to lack of internet or phone service, a paper
form may be submitted. This option must only be used when submitting
the online form is impossible. The link to the online version is:
competitions.usef.org/medicationreportform/usef
The Veterinarian’s Responsibilities
When dealing with illness or injury in a horse or pony competing at a
USEF recognized show or event, the veterinarian should prescribe or
administer whatever is indicated for therapeutic purposes. Whenever
prescribing or administering a substance prohibited or restricted by the
rules, the veterinarian should advise the exhibitor, trainer, and owner how
to comply with USEF Rules. However, if the veterinarian (1) fails to give
them proper advice, or (2) gives them improper advice about compliance
with the rules, or (3) if the trainer, owner, or exhibitor fail to heed the
proper advice of the veterinarian, then the trainer and owner may be
subject to appropriate penalties under Federation Rules.
No veterinarian should be party to the administration of a drug or
medication to a horse or pony for the non-therapeutic purpose
of aecting its performance. This is unethical, and it encourages
unethical conduct among trainers, owners, and exhibitors. Such
conduct is contrary to USEF Rules, is professionally unethical, and
undermines the fairness of competition at horse shows and events.
The Trainer’s Responsibilities
Under USEF Rules, the trainer is held responsible and accountable for
the condition of the horse or pony and for compliance with the rules.
The trainer is dened as any adult or adults who has or shares the
responsibility for the care, training, custody, condition or performance
of the horse or pony. This could be one person or several individuals.
Trainers, in the absence of substantial evidence to the contrary, are
responsible and accountable under the penalty provisions of these
rules, whether or not they have signed an entry blank. They are also
responsible for guarding each horse at, and suciently prior to a
recognized competition, such as to prevent the administration by
anyone of or its exposure to any prohibited substance, and to know
all the provisions of this rule and all other rules and regulations of the
Federation and the penalty provisions of said rules.
For the purposes of this rule, substantial evidence means armative
evidence of such a clear and denite nature as to establish that
the trainer or any employee or agent of the trainer was, in fact, not
responsible or accountable for the condition of the horse and/or pony.
THE ADMINISTRATION OF PERGOLIDE
EFFECTIVE 12/1/18
Pergolide has been the mainstay treatment of Equine Cushing’s
disease, also known as Pituitary Pars Intermedia Dysfunction
(PPID), for several decades. Due to the class of drug that pergolide
represents, it is a prohibited substance under Federation Equestre
International (FEI) and United States Equestrian Federation (USEF)
rules. Currently, under USEF GR411 Conditions For Therapeutic
Administrations of Prohibited Substances, pergolide can be
administered, but requires a 24-hour withdrawal from treatment prior
to competition and represents a hardship to competitor and horse.
Eective December 1, 2018, horses that are granted a Therapeutic
Use Exemption (TUE) for pergolide can remain on pergolide with
no withdrawal of drug prior to competition and no need to le a
Medication Report Form (MRF) each time they compete.
FAQ’S ON PERGOLIDE
What is Cushing’s?
Equine Cushing’s disease, also known as pituitary pars intermedia
dysfunction (PPID), is probably the most common disease of geriatric
horses. Aected horses show a variety of clinical signs, including
excessive hair growth with reduced to no seasonal shedding, frequent
urination and drinking, suppression of the immune system, muscle
wasting, and founder.
What is pergolide?
Pergolide is the most common medication used for the treatment of
Cushing’s disease/PPID and is a prohibited substance under USEF
Equine Drugs and Medications Rules.
What is a pergolide Therapeutic Use Exemption (TUE)?
This is an exemption for the use of pergolide in those competition
horses with documented disease.
Does this mean that pergolide is a permitted medication?
No, pergolide will continue to be a prohibited substance under USEF
Equine Drugs and Medications Rules, but the TUE process will permit
the continuous treatment of Cushing’s disease/PPID in competition
horses documented with the disease.
Does the TUE process apply for Fédération Équestre Internationale
(FEI) competitions?
No, pergolide is considered a prohibited substance under FEI rules and
is not permitted in competition, and no exemption or form applies.
How does this dier from a Medication Report Form (MRF)?
The use of an MRF requires the withdrawal of a horse from
competition for 24 hours following the last administration of a
prohibited substance. A TUE will permit the horse to compete without
having to observe a 24-hour withdrawal from pergolide. Trainers
will still be able to utilize MRFs to document the administration of
pergolide but would be required to le an MRF in accordance with
GR411 prior to each time the horse competed.
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How do I apply for a TUE for pergolide?
The process can be initiated with the ling of an electronic MRF for
pergolide. Just complete the online MRF and check the box (shown
below), and the process will start. Once the request for consideration
is received, an email will be sent with a request for more information
from the treating veterinarian.
How long will a pergolide TUE be eective, and is it necessary to
reapply?
A pergolide TUE will be eective for three years from the approval
date. Prior to the TUE’s expiration, a request can be made to extend
the eective period for an additional three years.
How does this change the way my horse with Cushing’s/ PPID needs
to be medicated with pergolide?
If your horse is granted a TUE based upon documented medical
tests and clinical history, there will be no need to le MRFs at each
competition or to change the frequency or schedule of their pergolide
treatment.
What kind of information does my veterinarian need to provide for
my horse to be granted a pergolide TUE?
The treating veterinarian should provide a history of the horse’s
clinical signs and any diagnostic tests that have been completed. This
information will be submitted by the veterinarian, along with any
documents, including diagnostic tests and case notes, which can be
uploaded as part of the application.
How long will it take to be notied about my request for a TUE?
Once the application is complete, and all supporting information has
been submitted, the process may take between one and four weeks
Once the application is reviewed, your veterinarian may be contacted
for follow up information prior to a decision.
Can a TUE be used for other treatments?
No, the use of a TUE can only be requested for pergolide at this time.
The USEF recognizes the benet of this medication in the treatment
of Cushing’s/PPID-aected horses to normalize the endocrine
feedback mechanisms disrupted by this disease.
Understanding the USEF Equine Drugs and Medications Rule will help
avoid inadvertent violations. All questions about the rule should be
directed to the USEF Equine Drugs and Medications Program, 956
King Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43212, toll-free 800.633.2472.
CHAPTER DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS
GR401-408. Equine Drugs and Medications Provisions Applicable to
All Breeds and/or Disciplines.
GR401 Determining the Equine Drugs and Medications
Designation for Each Breed or Discipline
1. The Board of Directors shall designate every Breed, Discipline, and/
or Group competing under Federation Rules as either a Prohibited
Substance Group or a Therapeutic Substance Group, as outlined
herein below.
2. At each Annual Meeting, each Division Committee shall determine
by a majority vote and shall indicate to the Chief Administrator
of the Equine Drugs and Medications Program its preference
for its Breed or Discipline to be designated as (or to be part of)
either a Prohibited Substance Group or a Therapeutic Substance
Group. In any instance where more than one Division Committee
is responsible for a Breed and/or Discipline Group, after each
committee has determined its preference by a majority vote,
unanimity between and/or among the Division Committees of
the Group shall be required to invoke a recommendation to be
designated a Prohibited Substance Group. Absent such concurrence,
the joint recommendation of the Division Committees of the Group
shall be construed as a recommendation in favor of designation as a
Therapeutic Substance Group.
3. Each Division Committee shall have responsibility to recommend for
its division.
4. At its meeting at the Federation’s Annual Meeting, the Equine
Drugs and Medications Committee shall take into consideration
these recommendations and the written recommendations of the
respective Aliate Associations in this regard, and it shall enact the
designation for each Breed, Discipline, and/or Group. The eective
dates of these designations shall coincide with the eective dates of
the newly published Rule Book.
5. These designations shall be reviewed by each Division Committee at
the subsequent Rule Change Convention.
6. Every horse and/or pony competing at Federation competitions
and/or events shall be subject to either the Prohibited Substance
Provisions (GR409) or the Therapeutic Substance Provisions
(GR410-412), depending upon its Breed’s, Discipline’s, and/
or Group’s designation, and it shall be required to compete in
compliance therewith, whether competing in unrated or rated
classes and/or divisions.
7. Any horse and/or pony that competes in more than one Breed,
Discipline, and/or Group at a competition, one of which is a
Prohibited Substance Group, shall be required to be in compliance
with the Prohibited Substance Provisions at all times while competing
in any and/or all classes and/or divisions at that competition.
GR402 Testing
1. Horses and/or ponies competing at a Licensed Competition are
subject to examination by a licensed veterinarian who must be
USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS
appointed by the Administrator of the Equine Drugs and Medications
Program. Said appointed veterinarian, with the approval of the
Administrator, may appoint a technician to perform certain duties
under this Rule. The examination may include physical, urine, blood
tests and/or any other test or procedure at the discretion of said
veterinarian necessary to eectuate the purposes of this rule. Said
veterinarian may examine any or all horses and/or ponies in a class
or all classes in a competition or any horses and/or ponies entered
in any class, whether in competition or not, if on the competition
grounds, or any horse and/or pony withdrawn by any exhibitor within
24 hours prior to a class for which it has been entered.
2. Whether a horse and/or pony is in competition or not, refusal to
submit the horse and/or pony for examination or to cooperate with
the veterinarian or his agents constitutes a violation and subjects
the responsible person to penalties under GR406.
3. Trainers who are not able to accompany Federation drug testing
personnel and the horse and/or pony to the location where sample
collection is to take place, to act as witness to the collection and
sealing of blood and urine samples, and to sign the drug collection
documents in the appropriate places as witness, must appoint an
agent to do so. The absence of such a witness shall constitute a
waiver of any objection to the identication of the horse and/or
pony tested and the manner of collection and sealing of the samples.
4. Upon the collection of a sucient number of tubes of blood from
the horse or pony, the tubes shall be divided into two groups. One
group shall be labeled and identied as Blood Sample A and the
other as Blood Sample B, and they shall be sealed accordingly. Upon
the collection of a sucient volume of urine from the horse or pony,
a portion of the sample shall be poured into a second urine sample
container. One container shall be labeled and identied as Urine
Sample A and the other as Urine Sample B, and they shall be sealed
accordingly. These procedures shall be performed whether or not
the trainer or his/her appointed witness is present as provided for
in Section 3 above.
5. In the event reasonable attempts at sample collections from the
horse or pony do not provide a sucient number of tubes of blood
or a sucient volume of urine to be divided, labeled, and identied
as Samples A and B, as determined by the testing veterinarian and/
or technician, the sample(s) obtained (if obtained) shall be labeled
and identied as Sample(s) A only, and it shall be recorded in the
records of the Equine Drugs and Medications Program that the
corresponding Sample(s) B does (do) not exist, in which event the
obtained Sample(s) shall be subject to testing.
6. A blood sample may be retested under these Rules at any time
exclusively at the direction of the Federation. The retesting of a
sample may lead to a violation only if the sample was retested
within three (3) years from the sample collection date. In order to
constitute a violation under these rules, the substance detected
in the retested sample must (i) have been prohibited at the
time of sample collection; and (ii) not a therapeutic substance,
which for purposes of this rule includes only the Controlled
Medications on the FEI Prohibited Substances List (available at
inside.fei.org/fei/cleansport/ad-h/prohibited-list) in eect on the
sample collection date.
7. In the event that the retested sample proves positive, and the retest
was conducted more than one (1) year since the date of collection,
no prizes or awards will be required to be returned.
GR403 Cooperation
1. Cooperation with the veterinarian and/or his agent(s) includes:
a. Taking the horse and/or pony and the veterinarian and/
or his agent(s) immediately to the location selected by said
veterinarian and/or agent(s) for testing the horse and/or pony
and presenting it for testing.
b. Assisting the veterinarian and/or his agent(s) in procuring
the sample promptly, including but not limited to removing
equipment from the horse and/or pony, leaving it quietly in
the stall and avoiding any distractions to it. Schooling, lengthy
cooling out, bandaging and other delays of this type shall be
construed as noncooperation.
c. Polite attitude and actions toward the veterinarian and/or his
agent(s).
GR404 Accountability of Trainers and Other Persons
Responsible
1. Trainers and other Persons Responsible, in the absence of substantial
evidence to the contrary, are responsible and accountable under
the penalty provisions of these rules. The trainer and other Persons
Responsible are not relieved from such responsibility as a result of
the lack or insuciency of stable security.
2. The Persons Responsible may include the individual who rides,
vaults, or drives the horse and/or pony during a competition; the
Owner; and/or Support Personnel.
3. Support Personnel is dened to include but is not limited to grooms,
handlers, longeurs, and veterinarians may be regarded as additional
Persons Responsible if they are present at the competition or have
made a relevant decision about the horse and/or pony.
4. A trainer is dened as any adult or adults who has or shares
the responsibility for the care, training, custody, condition, or
performance of a horse and/or pony. Said person must sign the
entry blank of any Licensed Competition whether said person be a
trainer, owner, rider, agent and/or coach. Where a minor exhibitor
has no trainer, then a parent, guardian or agent or representative
thereof must sign the entry blank and assume responsibility as
trainer. The name of the trainer must be designated as such on the
entry blank. It is the responsibility of trainers as well as competition
management to see that entry blanks contain all of the required
information. The responsibilities of a trainer include, but are not
limited to the following:
a. for the condition of a horse or pony at a Licensed Competition
(whether or not they have signed an entry blank),
b. to guard each horse and/or pony at, and suciently prior to, a
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Licensed Competition such as to prevent the administration by
anyone of, or its exposure to, any prohibited substance, and
c. to know all of the provisions of this Chapter 4 (including any
advisories or interpretations published in equestrian) and all
other rules and regulations of the Federation and the penalty
provisions of said rules. For purposes of this rule, substantial
evidence means armative evidence of such a clear and denite
nature as to establish that said trainer, or any employee or agent
of the trainer, was, in fact, not responsible or accountable for the
condition of the horse and/or pony. If any trainer is prevented
from performing his or her duties, including responsibility for the
condition of the horses and/or ponies in his or her care, by illness
or other cause, or is absent from any Licensed Competition
where horses and/or ponies under his or her care are entered
and stabled, he or she must immediately notify the competition
secretary and, at the same time, a substitute must be appointed
by the trainer and such substitute must place his or her name on
the entry blank forthwith. Such substitution does not relieve the
regular trainer of his/her responsibility and accountability under
this rule; however, the substitute trainer is equally responsible
and accountable for the condition of such horses and/or ponies.
5. The trainer and owner acknowledge that the trainer represents the
owner regarding horses and/or ponies being trained or managed,
entries, scratches for any reason and any act performed on any
horse and/or pony under the care and custody of the trainer.
6. In the case of a horse and/or pony competing under the
Therapeutic Substance Provisions, any trainer and/or Persons
Responsible subject to these rules who actually administers,
attempts to administer, instructs, aids, conspires with another to
administer or employs anyone who administers or attempts to
administer a prohibited substance to a horse and/or pony which
might aect the performance of said horse and/or pony at a
competition licensed by the Federation without complying with
GR411, is subject to the penalties provided in GR406.
7. Any trainer and/or Persons Responsible subject to these rules
who administers, attempts to administer, instructs, aids, conspires
with another to administer or employs anyone who administers
or attempts to administer any substance to a horse and/or pony
by injection or by any other route of administration, whether the
substance is prohibited or permitted, in the competition ring of a
competition licensed by the Federation during a scheduled class, is
subject to the penalties provided in GR406.
GR405 Equine Drugs and Medications Testing in
Connection with an Appeal Measurement
1. Each animal submitted for an appeal measurement is subject to the
Drugs and Medications Chapter at the time of said measurement
and/or concurrent examinations, and said animal must be in
compliance therewith.
2. Each animal submitted for an appeal measurement must have drug
testing samples collected at the time of said measurement and/
or concurrent examinations. No sample is a drug testing sample
unless it is collected by and/or under the direct supervision of
Federation drug testing personnel, who must be appointed by the
Administrator of the Equine Drugs and Medications Program to
collect samples from the animal in question in connection with
said measurement.
3. Each animal submitted for an appeal measurement must have both
a urine sample and a blood sample collected at the time of said
measurement and/or concurrent examinations. Both the urine
sample and the blood sample must be of sucient volume for drug
testing purposes, as determined by the Administrator of the Equine
Drugs and Medications Program. Said sample collections shall
be conducted in accordance with procedures which are the sole
prerogative of the Federation drug testing personnel. As deemed
necessary by the Federation testing veterinarian, the animal shall be
administered furosemide to cause it to produce a urine sample in a
timely manner.
4. Every blood sample and/or urine sample collected in connection
with an appeal measurement and all portions thereof are the
sole property of the Federation. Said samples and all portions
thereof must remain in the sole custody of the Federation drug
testing personnel at all times during said measurement and/
or concurrent examinations, and subsequently they must be
submitted to the Federation’s laboratory for testing in accordance
with the instructions of the Administrator of the Equine Drugs and
Medications Program.
5. The entire cost of sample collections and testing conducted in
connection with an appeal measurement, including the fees and
expenses of Federation drug testing personnel, shipping costs for
equipment and samples, laboratory charges, etc., as determined
by the Administrator of the Equine Drugs and Medications
Program, must be paid in full by the appellant within 30 days of
the submission of an invoice, regardless of the outcome of said
measurement, and regardless of the laboratory results. A deposit
in cash or certied check equal to the costs of sampling and
testing, as estimated by the Administrator of the Equine Drugs and
Medications Program, may be required prior to the measurement.
6. No appeal measurement is valid absent written armation of the
CEO or his designee conrming the receipt of negative drug testing
results from the Federation’s laboratory, indicating that both the
urine and blood sample collected from the animal in question in
connection with said measurement and/or concurrent examinations
were found to contain no prohibited substance, said results
having been issued to the Administrator of the Equine Drugs and
Medications Program. Any instance involving a nding of prohibited
substance shall additionally result in the issuance of a charge of
violation of Chapter 4 for adjudication by the Hearing Committee in
accordance with the provisions of Chapters 6 and 7.
GR406 Results, Conrmatory Analysis, and Retest
1. Blood and urine samples labeled and identied as Samples A shall
be subjected to chemical analysis by the Federation Drug Testing
Laboratory or by a laboratory with which the Federation has
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contracted for its services. Blood and urine samples labeled and
identied as Samples B shall be stored securely, unopened, at the
Federation Drug Testing Laboratory, to be used in the event of a
conrmatory analysis, or in the event of a future analysis.
2. In the event the chemical analysis of Blood or Urine Sample A is
negative, i.e., no prohibited substance or any metabolite or analogue
thereof is found to be present in the sample, the corresponding
Blood or Urine Sample B may be frozen and maintained, at the
Federation Equine Drug Testing and Research Laboratory, for
possible future chemical analysis.
3. In the event the chemical analysis of Blood or Urine Sample A is
positive, i.e., a prohibited substance or any metabolite or analogue
thereof is found to be present in the sample, this shall be prima
facie evidence that the prohibited substance was administered
in some manner to said horse or pony, whether intentionally
or unintentionally, or otherwise was caused to be present in
the tissues, body uids or excreta of the horse or pony at the
competition, whether intentionally or unintentionally, such that the
trainer(s) deemed responsible and accountable for its condition is
(are) liable under the provisions of GR404.
4. In the event the chemical analysis of Blood or Urine Sample A is
positive, the Federation shall notify the Trainer, Persons Responsible
(if applicable), and the Owner of the Horse of their right to promptly
request the analysis of the B sample, or, failing such request, that
the B sample analysis is deemed waived. The Trainer, Persons
Responsible (if applicable), and the Owner of the Horse are
deemed to have waived their right to a B Sample analysis if they
do not submit the Conrmatory Analysis Request Form within 15
business days. Within seven (7) days of receipt of the duly executed
Conrmatory Analysis Request Form (B Sample), the Federation
shall coordinate such analysis. The Trainer, Persons Responsible
(if applicable), and Owner of the Horse may accept the A Sample
analytical results by waiving the right to a B sample analysis.
5. The conrmatory analysis of the corresponding Blood or Urine
Sample B shall be performed by a drug testing laboratory that
is approved by the Federation and agreed upon by the person
charged who requests the conrmatory analysis, which laboratory
must have demonstrated prociency in performing the necessary
conrmatory analysis, provided the corresponding Blood or Urine
Sample B exists and is of sucient volume to permit a conrmatory
analysis. In the event the drug testing laboratory that analyzed
Sample A is the only laboratory that has demonstrated prociency
in performing the necessary conrmatory analysis, this laboratory
shall be the only laboratory to perform the conrmatory analysis
of the corresponding Sample B. Upon the completion of the
conrmatory analysis, the laboratory performing the conrmatory
analysis shall forward its ndings and supporting data to all parties.
6. In the event no agreement is reached as to a laboratory as
required in section 5 above, and the person charged who requests
the conrmatory analysis does not revoke his/her request, the
conrmatory analysis of the corresponding Blood or Urine Sample
B shall be performed by the Federation Drug Testing Laboratory,
or by a laboratory with which the Federation has contracted for
its services, and shall forward its ndings and supporting data
to all parties. Both the results of the analysis of Sample A (and
supporting data) and the results of the conrmatory analysis of the
corresponding Sample B, if any (and supporting data, if any), shall
be admissible as evidence in any hearing or proceeding pertaining
to this matter.
7. In the event the corresponding Blood or Urine Sample B does not
exist, or is of insucient volume to permit a conrmatory analysis,
and there exists a remaining aliquot of Blood or Urine Sample A
which is of sucient volume to permit a retest, as determined by the
Federation, a person charged who requests the retest of Blood or
Urine Sample A must make the request in writing to the Federation
and it must be received within 7 days of the determination that
the corresponding Blood or Urine Sample B does not exist or is of
insucient volume to permit a conrmatory analysis.
8. Any requested re-test of the remaining aliquot of Blood or Urine
Sample A, provided it is of sucient volume to permit a retest, shall
be performed by the Federation Drug Testing Laboratory, or by a
laboratory with which The Federation has contracted for its services.
9. The retest of the remaining aliquot of Blood or Urine Sample A
may be witnessed by a Witnessing Analyst appointed by the person
charged who requests such analysis at the same time as the retest
is requested. The Witnessing Analyst must be a qualied analytical
chemist employed by an equine drug testing laboratory. If no
Witnessing Analyst is appointed by the person requesting the retest,
or if the Witnessing Analyst is unavailable within a reasonable time,
the requested retest of the remaining aliquot of Blood or Urine
Sample A shall proceed without the Witnessing Analyst.
10. In the event the Witnessing Analyst appointed by the person
requesting the retest of the remaining aliquot of Blood or Urine
Sample A is satised that the positive result is correct, the Federation
must be informed immediately by fax with conrmation by letter.
11. In the event the Witnessing Analyst is not satised that the result
of the retest of the remaining aliquot of Blood or Urine Sample
A is correct, the Federation must be informed immediately
by fax followed by a written report setting forth the basis for
the Witnessing Analyst’s opinion. Copies of the original and
subsequent results and supporting analytical data must be
submitted to the Federation Hearing Committee as part of the
hearing record in the case, for resolution by it of any and all issues
regarding the original analysis of Blood or Urine Sample A and the
retest of the remaining aliquot of Blood or Urine Sample A.
12. By requesting the conrmatory analysis of the corresponding
Blood or Urine Sample B, or the retest of the remaining aliquot
of Blood or Urine Sample A, or by requesting that the retest be
witnessed by a Witnessing Analyst, the person charged who makes
such request(s) agrees to and must pay any and all fees, costs
and expenses relating to the conrmatory analysis or the retest,
whether it is performed by a mutually agreed upon laboratory, by
the Federation Drug Testing Laboratory, or by a laboratory with
which The Federation has contracted for its services, upon the
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presentation an invoice by the Federation, and any and all fees,
costs, and expenses relating to the Witnessing Analyst.
13. After chemical analysis of the B sample, if the laboratory’s
conrmatory analysis:
Does not substantially conrm the Federation Equine Drug Testing
and Research Laboratory’s ndings, then any allegations that the
substance in question was present at the time that the samples
were collected shall be dismissed; or
Substantially conrms the Federation Equine Drug Testing and
Research Laboratory’s ndings, the nding shall be considered
conclusive.
14. In the case of a horse and/or pony competing under the
Therapeutic Substance Provisions, if the chemical analysis of the
sample taken from such horse and/or pony indicates the presence
of a prohibited substance or any metabolite or analogue thereof
and all the requirements of GR411 have been fully complied with,
the information contained in said Equine Drugs and Medications
Report Form and any other relevant evidence will be considered
by the Federation in determining whether a rule violation was
committed by any person(s) responsible or accountable for the
condition of the horse and/or pony under the provisions of this rule.
15. When a positive report is received from the chemist identifying
a prohibited substance, or any metabolite or analogue thereof,
a hearing will be held in accordance with Chapter 6, except as
may otherwise be provided by GR412. No trainer, responsible or
accountable for the condition of said horse and/or pony, will be
suspended, or a horse and/or pony barred from competition, until
after an administrative penalty has been assessed or after the
conclusion of a hearing and a written ruling thereon has been made.
16. The owner or owners of a horse and/or pony found to contain a
prohibited substance or any metabolite or analogue thereof may
be required to forfeit all prize money, sweepstakes, added money
and any trophies, ribbons and “points” won at said competition
by said horse and/or pony and the same will be redistributed
accordingly. The owner must pay a fee of $300 to said competition.
Points accumulated toward Horse of the Year Awards prior to said
competition may be nullied and redistributed at the discretion of the
Hearing Committee. If, prior to or at a hearing, the Federation as the
charging party, determines that one or more persons, not previously
charged as a trainer should also be charged as a trainer, then, upon
application by the Federation, the Hearing Committee may, in its
discretion, continue or adjourn the hearing, in whole or in part, to
permit a new or amended charge to be issued (unless the person(s)
to be charged waive notice).
17. A trainer of a horse and/or pony found to contain such prohibited
substance or any metabolite or analogue thereof is subject to
whatever penalty is assessed by the Hearing Committee, except
for administrative penalties issued by the Chairman of the Equine
Drugs and Medications Committee and accepted, as provided by
GR412. Said trainer may be ned and may be suspended from all
participation in Licensed Competitions for a period of one year
for the rst oense, and for a longer period for a second or later
oense, said suspension to be served at any time at the discretion
of the Hearing Committee.
The horse and/or pony may be suspended for any period of time
specied by the Hearing Committee. In determining an appropriate
penalty under these rules, the Hearing Committee may take into
account such factors and circumstances as it may deem relevant,
including but not limited to
the pharmacology of the prohibited substance,
the credibility and good faith of the person charged or of other
witnesses,
penalties determined in similar cases, and
past violations of any Federation rules (or the lack thereof).
reliance upon the professional ability or advice of a veterinarian who
is a licensed graduate of an accredited veterinary school and who is
in good standing in the state in which he/she primarily practices.
18. If the Hearing Committee determines that any violation or
attempted violation of this Rule was willful and/or intentional, there
shall not be any limit to the period of a suspension, and the Hearing
Committee may impose other and signicantly greater penalties
than it would have in the absence of such a determination.
19. A blood sample may be retested under these Rules at any time
exclusively at the direction of the Federation. The retesting of a
sample may lead to a violation only if the sample was retested
within three (3) years from the sample collection date. In order to
constitute a violation under these rules, the substance detected
in the retested sample must (i) have been prohibited at the
time of sample collection; and (ii) not a therapeutic substance,
which for purposes of this rule includes only the Controlled
Medications on the FEI Prohibited Substances List (available at
inside.fei.org/fei/cleansport/ad-h/prohibited-list) in eect on the
sample collection date.
20. In the event that the retested sample proves positive, and the
retest was conducted more than one (1) year since the date of
collection, no prizes or awards will be required to be returned.
GR407 Management Procedures
1. To provide funds for research, inspection and enforcement of rules
regarding use of medications and drugs, each Licensed Competition,
except where prohibited by law, must assess the exhibitors a fee of
$15 for each horse and/or pony entered in the competition, except
the fee shall be $25 for each horse entered in an FEI sanctioned
competition or a USEF High Cap Computer List Class. Participants in
the following classes are exempted from payment:
a. leadline
b. exhibitions
c. games and races,
d. classes for 4-H members,
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e. Academy classes (Academy classes are classes limited to
horses used regularly in a lesson program)
f. Opportunity classes
g. Classes at Regular or Local Competitions restricted to breeds
or disciplines whose rules are not included in the USEF rulebook.
h. However, these classes are not exempt from the Drugs and
Medications Chapter itself. Within 10 days after a competition,
competition management must forward to the Federation a sum
representing the above fee times the number of horses and/
or ponies entered in the nonexempt classes of the competition
plus the number of horses and/or ponies scratched where the
fee is not refunded, such sum to be held by the Federation in a
separate fund for use to accomplish the purpose set forth above.
2. It is a violation for a Licensee to assess and/or collect a drug
enforcement fee in excess of or in addition to that specied and
required by GR407.1 of these rules, unless said assessment is
approved in writing by the Federation in advance, and then only under
the terms and conditions set forth.
3. It is a violation for a Licensee to withhold from the Federation any
or all of the drug fees collected in accordance with GR407.1, for any
purpose, including to defray the expenses incurred providing stalls,
passes, and other items to the Federation drug testing personnel, as
required by GR407.4 and .5.
4. Each Licensed Competition shall, at its own cost and expense, set
aside and make available to The Federation testing personnel upon
request suitable facilities conveniently located for the veterinarian
appointed by the Federation and his or her technicians to collect
equine blood and urine samples. Suitable facilities means one or
more stalls if available, as requested, that are well lit, clean, dry,
freshly bedded, and having a door or gate that can be secured.
5. Each Licensed Competition, upon request, must furnish the
veterinarian appointed by The Federation and/or the Administrator
of the Equine Drugs and Medications Program by mail forthwith, with
the requested number of ocial passes and parking passes for the
veterinarians and technicians to have immediate and free access to
all areas at said Licensed Competition.
6. Competition management must cooperate with and exhibit polite
attitude and actions toward the veterinarian and/or his agents.
GR408 Interpretations of the Federation Equine
Drugs and Medications Chapter and its Application to
Particular Substances
Any questions regarding the interpretation of this Chapter, including
the application of this Chapter to particular substances, should
be directed to the oce of the Federation Equine Drugs and
Medications Program, 956 King Avenue, Columbus, Ohio 43212-2655.
(800) 633-2472, (614) 299-7707, FAX (614) 299-7706. Trainers
and/or owners who seek advice concerning the interpretation and
application of this rule should not rely solely upon interpretations or
advice by private or competition veterinarians, competition ocials,
competition personnel, or other persons, but should also obtain
verication of any such interpretations or advice from the Federation
Equine Drugs and Medications Program oce. Any trainer or owner
who is uncertain about whether this rule applies in any given situation
would be well advised to withdraw the aected horse and/or pony
from competition until such time as the Federation Equine Drugs and
Medications Program oce has been consulted.
GR409 Equine Drugs and Medications, Prohibited
Substance Provisions
1. This paragraph applies only to FEI Banned Substances and Methods.
For all Federation Equestre Internationale (FEI) recognized
disciplines, Articles 2 (what constitutes a violation), 3 [proof
of violations (except 3.1 and 3.2.3)], 4 (banned substances and
methods), and 8.2 (principles of fair hearing) of the FEI Equine
Anti-Doping rules govern. Those Articles are incorporated by
reference as if fully set out herein and can be found at fei.org or the
Drugs & Medications tab at usef.org. For purposes of this rule, the
designation of “Person Responsible” in the incorporated provisions
of the FEI Equine Anti-Doping rules shall refer to the individual(s)
found to be the trainer of the horse as dened by GR404.
2. No horse and/or pony competing in a Breed or Discipline
designated as (or part of) a No Prohibited Substance Group is to be
shown in any class at a competition licensed by the Federation if it
has been administered in any manner or otherwise contained in its
tissues, body uids or excreta a prohibited substance as dened in
the FEI Equine Anti-Doping and Controlled Medication Regulations,
which can be found at fei.org.
3. EXHIBITORS, OWNERS, TRAINERS, AND VETERINARIANS ARE
CAUTIONED AGAINST THE USE OF MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS,
TONICS, PASTES, AND PRODUCTS OF ANY KIND, THE
INGREDIENTS AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF WHICH ARE
NOT SPECIFICALLY KNOWN, AS MANY OF THEM NO DOUBT
CONTAIN ONE OR MORE Prohibited SUBSTANCES.
GR410 Equine Drugs and Medications, The Therapeutic
Substance Provisions
1. No horse and/or pony competing in a Breed or Discipline designated
as (or part of) a Therapeutic Substance Group is to be shown in
any class at a competition licensed by the Federation (see also
GR402.1, last sentence) if it has been administered in any manner or
otherwise contains in its tissues, body uids or excreta a prohibited
substance except as provided in GR411. Any horse and/or pony that
competes in more than one Breed, Discipline, and/or Group at a
competition, one of which is a Prohibited Substance Group, shall
be required to be in compliance with the Prohibited Substance
Provisions at all times while competing in any and/or all classes
and/or divisions at that competition. For purposes of this rule, a
prohibited substance is:
a. Any stimulant, depressant, tranquilizer, local anesthetic,
psychotropic (mood and/or behavior altering) substance, or
drug which might aect the performance of a horse and/or pony
(stimulants and/or depressants are dened as substances which
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stimulate or depress the cardiovascular, respiratory or central
nervous systems), or any metabolite and/or analogue of any such
substance or drug, except as expressly permitted by this rule.
b. Any corticosteroid present in the plasma of the horse/pony
other than dexamethasone (see GR410.5b).
c. Any nonsteroidal anti-inammatory drug in excess of one
present in the plasma or urine of the horse/pony (GR411 does
not apply); exception: salicylic acid.
d. Any substance (or metabolite and/or analogue thereof)
permitted by this rule in excess of the maximum limit or other
restrictions prescribed herein.
e. Any substance (or metabolite and/or analogue thereof),
regardless of how harmless or innocuous it might be, which
might interfere with the detection of any of the substances
dened in (a), (b), (c) or (e) or quantication of substances
permitted by this rule.
f. Any anabolic steroid (GR411 below does not apply).
2. EXHIBITORS, OWNERS, TRAINERS, AND VETERINARIANS ARE
CAUTIONED AGAINST THE USE OF MEDICINAL PREPARATIONS,
TONICS, PASTES, AND PRODUCTS OF ANY KIND, THE
INGREDIENTS AND QUANTITATIVE ANALYSIS OF WHICH ARE
NOT SPECIFICALLY KNOWN, AS MANY OF THEM MAY CONTAIN A
Prohibited SUBSTANCE.
3. The full use of modern therapeutic measures for the improvement and
protection of the health of the horse and/or pony is permitted unless:
a. The substance administered is a stimulant, depressant,
tranquilizer, local anesthetic, drug or drug metabolite which
might aect the performance of a horse and/or pony or might
interfere with the detection of prohibited substances or
quantication of permitted substances; or
b. More than one nonsteroidal anti-inammatory drugs are
present in the plasma or urine of the horse/pony (GR411 does
not apply); exception: salicylic acid; or
c. The presence of such substance in the blood or urine sample
exceeds the maximum limit or other restrictions prescribed
herein below.
4. Restrictions concerning the nonsteroidal anti-inammatory drugs
are as follows:
a. The maximum permitted plasma concentration of diclofenac is
0.005 micrograms per milliliter.
b. The maximum permitted plasma concentration of
phenylbutazone is 15.0 micrograms per milliliter.
c. The maximum permitted plasma concentration of unixin is 1.0
micrograms per milliliter.
d. The maximum permitted plasma concentration of ketoprofen
is 40.0 nanograms per milliliter.
e. The maximum permitted plasma concentration of
meclofenamic acid is 2.5 micrograms per milliliter.
f. The maximum permitted plasma concentration of naproxen is
40.0 micrograms per milliliter.
g. Not more than one of the substances listed in (a) through (g)
are permitted to be present in the same plasma or urine sample
(GR411 does not apply).
h. The maximum permitted plasma concentration of rocoxib is
0.240 micrograms per milliliter.
i. Any nonsteroidal anti-inammatory drug not listed in (a)
through (g) above is prohibited to be present in the plasma or
urine sample (GR411 does not apply); exception: salicylic acid.
j. Any nonsteroidal anti-inammatory drug that becomes
approved for use in horses can be added to the list of those
permitted, after the completion, review and approval of the
needed research.
5. Restrictions concerning other therapeutic substances are as follows:
a. The maximum permissible plasma concentration of
methocarbamol is 0.5 micrograms per milliliter.
b. The maximum permitted plasma concentration of
dexamethasone is 0.5 nanograms per milliliter.
6. Thresholds for substances of possible dietary origin are as follows:
a. The maximum permissible urine concentration of theobromine
is 2.0 micrograms per milliliter.
7. Additional restrictions concerning particular classes and/or divisions
(GR411 does not apply):
a. In the breeding/in-hand classes for three-year-olds and under
in the Arabian, Half Arabian, and Anglo Arabian Division, any
anabolic steroid is prohibited. (See HOW LONG DRUGS REMAIN
DETECTABLE in the current Drugs and Medications Rules
Pamphlet for guidelines).
GR411 Conditions For Therapeutic Administrations of
Prohibited Substances
1. A horse and/or pony exhibiting at a Licensed Competition pursuant
to the Therapeutic Substance Provisions that receives any
medication which contains a prohibited substance is not eligible for
competition unless all of the following requirements have been met
and the facts are furnished in on a timely-submitted ocial Equine
Drugs and Medications Report Form:
a. The medication must be therapeutic and necessary for
the diagnosis or treatment of an existing illness or injury.
Administration of a prohibited substance for non-therapeutic
or optional purposes (such as, by way of example only, shipping,
clipping, training, turning out, routine oating or cleaning of
teeth, non-diagnostic nerve blocking, uncasting, mane pulling
or non-emergency shoeing) is not considered to be therapeutic.
Any trainer who is uncertain about whether a particular
purpose is considered to be therapeutic would be well advised
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to consult the Federation Equine Drugs and Medications
Program oce.
b. The horse and/or pony must be withdrawn from
competition for a period of not less than 24 hours after the
medication is administered.
c. The medication must be administered by a licensed
veterinarian, or, if a veterinarian is unavailable, only by the trainer
pursuant to the advice and direction of a veterinarian.
d. Identication of medication—the amount, strength and mode
of administration.
e. Date and time of administration.
f. Identication of horse and/or pony, its name, age, sex, color
and entry number.
g. Diagnosis and reason for administration.
h. Statement signed by person administering medication.
i. Equine Drugs and Medications Report Form led within one hour
after administration. If an online form cannot be submitted due to
lack of internet or phone service, a paper form may be submitted.
This option is only to be used when submitting the online from is
impossible.
j. The Steward, Technical Delegate, or Designated Competition
Oce Representative must sign and record the time of receipt
on paper Equine Drugs and Medications Report Forms.
k. At selection trials for World Championships, and/or Olympic
and/or Pan American Games, the requirement of subsection
(b) above, that the horse or pony must be withdrawn from
competition for a period of not less than 24 hours after the
medication is administered will not apply, provided that:
1. the competition is conducted pursuant to the written selection
procedures as approved by the Federation Board of Directors;
2. the written selection procedures specically allow for
therapeutic administrations of medications by a USEF-
appointed veterinary panel within 24 hours preceding
competition, and the written selection procedures are in
no case less stringent in this regard than the FEI Veterinary
Regulations (Articles 1006.7 and 1006.8) and guidelines
pursuant thereto;
3. all requirements of the written selection procedures
regarding therapeutic administrations of medications have
been met;
4. all requirements of this Rule have been met except
subsection GR411.1(b); and all persons competing in the
competition are eligible and competing for selection.
2. Where all the requirements of GR411 have been fully complied with,
the information contained in said Equine Drugs and Medications
Report Form and any other relevant evidence will be considered
by the Federation in determining whether a rule violation was
committed by any person(s) responsible or accountable for the
condition of the horse and/or pony under the provisions of this rule.
NOTE: The ocial Equine Drugs and Medications Report Form is
available on the Federation website (See page 18 for electronic
ling). Paper Medication Report Forms must only be used when
it is impossible to submit an online form. All required information
must be included when ling a report. Failure to satisfy and follow
all the requirements of this Rule and to supply all of the information
required by such Equine Drugs and Medications Report Form is a
violation of the rules.
3. Flunixin, in addition to one other substance listed in GR410
(a) through (g), may be found in the same plasma and/or urine
sample of a horse under the following conditions and for the
treatment of colic or an ophthalmic emergency only: (i) must
comply with GR411.1; (ii) the unixin must have been administered
by a veterinarian; (iii) the required medication report form must be
submitted appropriately and comply with GR411; and (iv) the horse
must be withdrawn from competition for 24 hours following the
administration.
GR412 Administrative Penalties
1. The provisions for administrative penalties shall apply to any
potential or alleged violation of the Equine Drugs and Medications
Rule. The Federation shall hold in abeyance the issuance of
charges of rule violation pending further determination by the
Chairman of the Equine Drugs and Medications Committee, who
shall take into consideration all pertinent information available,
including the seriousness of the alleged violation(s), precedents
in similar Federation drug cases, and any prior rule violation(s) by
the individual(s). At all times while consideration is given as to a
determination by the Chairman of the Veterinary Committee, the
identity of the horse, rider, trainer, coach, and owner must not be
known or disclosed to him.
2. The Chairman of the Veterinary Committee shall, upon consultation
with sta, and within 60 days of receipt of laboratory results, make
a determination in his or her discretion whether to recommend the
issuance of charges by the Federation, whether to recommend a plea
agreement, whether to impose administrative penalties, or whether
to take no further action in the matter, and shall communicate that
decision in writing to the Federation’s CEO or his designee.
3. In the event the Chairman of the Veterinary Committee determines
to impose administrative penalties in accordance with GR412.2,
in lieu of a recommendation to issue charges, he or she shall be
authorized to impose any or all of the penalties enumerated in
Chapter 7, GR703, setting forth the terms and conditions for
compliance. The trainer(s) and owner(s) shall after receiving written
notice of the right to a hearing, after their written waiver of same,
and written acceptance of an administrative penalty, be subject to
any and all administrative penalties imposed by the Chairman of the
Veterinary Committee.
4. The Federation shall give written notication to trainer(s) and
owner(s) of administrative penalties determined pursuant to
GR412.3 above, the terms and conditions of which shall not be
USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS
subject to negotiation. An administrative penalty must be approved
by the Hearing Committee Co-Chairs before it is oered to the
Respondent(s). Once accepted by all parties and by the Hearing
Committee, an administrative penalty shall have the same force and
eect as would a nding of rule violation by the Hearing Committee
following a hearing pursuant to Chapters 6 and 7, and will be
published on the Federation’s web site.
5. Any trainer(s), or owner(s), or both, who have received notice
of an administrative penalty under GR412.4 and who have not
accepted same in writing shall receive a hearing before the Hearing
Committee, in accordance with Chapters 6 and 7. Administrative
penalties accepted in accordance with this Rule shall be eective
immediately, shall be nal, and shall not be subject to further review
under any circumstance(s).
6. In the event an administrative penalty is not accepted in writing,
the Federation shall issue a written charge or charges pursuant
to Chapter 6, and the Hearing Committee shall conduct a hearing
pursuant to Chapters 6 and 7 upon said charge(s). In the event of
a nding of a violation, the Hearing Committee shall not be limited
in choice of penalties to those that might have been imposed in
accordance with GR412.2 and .3, nor in any such instance shall the
Hearing Committee be limited in any other way in exercising all of
its prerogatives as set forth in the Bylaws and Rules.
7. A blood sample may be retested under these Rules at any time
exclusively at the direction of the Federation. The retesting of a
sample may lead to a violation only if the sample was retested
within three (3) years from the sample collection date. In order to
constitute a violation under these rules, the substance detected
in the retested sample must (i) have been prohibited at the
time of sample collection; and (ii) not a therapeutic substance,
which for purposes of this rule includes only the Controlled
Medications on the FEI Prohibited Substances List (available at
inside.fei.org/fei/cleansport/ad-h/prohibited-list) in eect on the
sample collection date.
8. In the event that the retested sample proves positive, and the retest
was conducted more than one (1) year since the date of collection,
no prizes or awards will be required to be returned.
GR413 Human Drug Testing
1. In accordance with the rules of the FEI and of the World Anti-
Doping Agency (WADA), any Federation member shall comply
with in-competition, no advance notice (NAN), and other out-of-
competition drug testing conducted by the FEI, WADA, US Anti-
Doping Agency (USADA) or by a WADA-authorized organization or
USADA-authorized organization at any time without advanced notice.
Failure to cooperate with such in-competition, NAN or other out-of-
competition drug testing shall be a violation of Federation rules.
2. In conjunction with the above-described NAN or other out-of-
competition drug testing, the Federation is required to submit the
names, current addresses, telephone numbers, training times and
training and competition locations for individuals and teams as
requested by the FEI, WADA, or USADA to enable FEI, WADA, or
USADA to conduct NAN or other out-of-competition drug testing.
Notwithstanding the foregoing, compliance with anti-doping
regulations rests with the individual subject to testing.
3. A nding of violation of human drug rules by USADA or WADA
shall be deemed a violation of Federation rules, and the reciprocity
provisions of GR615.2 shall be applied.
GR 414 Prohibited Practices
1. No injectable substances may be administered to any horse or
pony within 12 hours prior to competing, with the following three
exceptions subject to paragraph 2 below:
a. Therapeutic uids, which amount must consist of a minimum
of 1L of polyionic uids per 100lb of body weight; and which must
be used in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations
and guidelines. The uids must not be supplemented with
concentrated electrolytes, such as magnesium.
b. Antibiotics. Procaine penicillin G is prohibited under this exception.
c. Dexamethasone. This is permitted only for the treatment of
acute urticaria –( hives). The dose must not exceed 0.5 mg per
100 lb (5.0 mg for 1000 lb horse) if administered more than 6
hours and less than 12 hours prior to entering the competition
ring, and must not exceed 1.0 mg per 100 lb (10.0 mg for 1000lb
horse) within any 24 hour period.
2. The above exceptions are permitted only when (i) the substance
is administered by a licensed veterinarian and no less than 6 hours
prior to competing; and (ii) the “Trainer” as dened under General
Rule 404 properly les, or causes to be properly led, an Equine
Drugs and Medications Report Form within one hour after the
administration of the substance.
3. No horse may be injected with any substance, prohibited or
permitted, into an intra-synovial space (joint, tendon sheath, or
bursa) within the 4 days preceding competition. No horse less than
two years of age may be treated with intrasynovial injections within
the 30 days preceding competition.
4. Shockwave Therapy may only be administered by or on the order
of a licensed veterinarian. If sedation is required for Shockwave
Therapy, only sedation performed by a licensed veterinarian and
administered at the same time as the Shockwave Therapy will
be considered therapeutic and GR411 will apply. No sedation
associated with Shockwave Therapy will be considered therapeutic
if administered within 24 hours prior to competition. No horse may
be treated with Shockwave Therapy within the 3 days preceding
competition with the following exception:
a. Shockwave Therapy may be administered by a licensed
veterinarian within the 3 day prohibited period, but no closer
than 12 hours prior to competing, and is limited to application
to the back and dorsal pelvis areas. No Shockwave Therapy
is permitted within the 12 hours prior to competing. This
exception is permitted only when the “Trainer” as dened under
GR404 properly les, or causes to be properly led, an Equine
Drugs and Medications Report Form within one hour after the
USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS
administration of Shockwave Therapy.
5. No kinesiotape or self-adhesive patches may be used on
any horse while mounted at any time during competition.
Kinesiotape and self-adhesive patches are permitted exclusively
while the horse is unmounted in the stabling area. Nasal strips
are permitted unless prohibited by specic division rules.
DRUG TESTING FAQ
Am I allowed to stay and watch? How can I be sure the
sample was collected properly and labeled correctly?
Yes, you may stay and observe the entire process, or you may
ask a friend to do so. You may ask the testing veterinarian and
technicians any questions you have, or ask them to explain the
procedures you observe. Note: Testing personnel are required to
wear gloves. Please report any instance where gloves are not used
in the collection of a sample.
What if my horse needs to go into another class or must
remain at the ring for further performance in a class or
to jog/be present for awards? What if the horse is done
showing and needs to be untacked and cooled out?
If you discuss these needs with the testing veterinarian and technician,
they will do their job so as not to interrupt the showing schedule or
horse’s normal care, provided the collection of the samples is not
unnecessarily delayed.
What protects the samples from having something put
into them after collection or from being opened after
they are collected?
Only new sample collection equipment is used, meaning blood tubes,
needles, and urine sample containers. Also, all equipment and samples
are kept either in the possession of the testing veterinarian and
technician, or under lock and key. Each sample is sealed with evidence
tape, and placed in a plastic security bag. This is done while you
watch. They are then locked up and kept secure. Any tampering of the
sample would be evident if a seal or security bag were not intact.
What prevents a drug from getting into the urine
container when the lid is o?
The lid is screwed onto the container tightly as soon as the sample
is collected. If something accidentally touches the inside of the lid or
container, for example, dirt or wood shavings, that container will not
be used. The technician will replace the container with a new one
before the sample is collected.
What is furosemide (Lasix®) used for?
Furosemide is a diuretic and is helpful in obtaining a urine sample.
It is given by injection after the blood sample has been drawn and
usually will provide a urine sample in 15-20 minutes. The dose given
is 1/5 of the normal therapeutic dose given to race horses. The use
of furosemide is voluntary and is oered to expedite the collection of
urine samples for the convenience of the exhibitor/trainer.
What prevents my horse’s samples from being mixed up
with another horse’s samples?
As soon as each sample is collected, it is sealed and labeled with a
unique number that is assigned only to your horse’s samples, and
which remains attached to those samples from that time on.
USEF GUIDELINES & RULES FOR DRUGS AND MEDICATIONS
If they ask to test my horse, how can I be sure they are
from USEF?
Each testing veterinarian has USEF documents specifying the
competition to be tested, and a photo ID matching the documents,
which they will present to you at your request.
Who selects the horses for testing and who tests them?
The testing veterinarian selects the horse. Testing veterinarians are
representatives of the USEF and will not be working for any clients
at the same competition. USEF appoints its veterinarians to attend
specic shows and events, and they are accompanied by a team of
several technicians who collect samples.
Why is a particular horse selected?
The testing veterinarian selects horses randomly for testing.
However, higher placings may be selected for testing more frequently.
Where are the samples collected?
Most often, at the horse’s own stall. Sometimes, a sample collection or
“testing” stall is used.
What kinds of samples are collected and how much?
The testing veterinarian will collect a blood sample from each horse,
and the technician will attempt to collect a urine sample. Several
tubes of blood are taken, some are labeled A, and some are labeled B.
The technician will collect as much urine as the horse will provide. The
urine sample will be divided into two containers, as well, labeled A and
B. Some drugs are measured or detected only in blood, and others are
found only in urine. Some drugs are found in both.
What is the exhibitor, trainer, or owner responsible for?
Please be courteous and make your horse or pony available promptly.
You will be asked to provide accurate information to testing personnel
and have an English speaking adult available to provide information
about the horse/pony, the exhibitor, and the trainer. Please make sure
you have an individual capable of safely holding the horse or pony
for blood sample collection. Also, have an adult available to sign as a
witness to the collection and sealing of all samples.
Who is responsible in the event of an alleged violation of
the rules?
The person who signs the entry form as the trainer of record will be
responsible; however, additional persons responsible may be identied
who have made a relevant decision about the horse and/or pony.
What about FEI competitions?
FEI competition testing is conducted in accordance with FEI regulations.
What happens to the samples after the competition
or event?
They are shipped to the University of Kentucky’s Equine Analytical
Chemistry Laboratory in Kentucky as soon as possible for testing.
Upon arrival, each sample is inspected carefully and logged in.
The integrity of each sample and its identity is veried. The samples
labeled A are tested, and the samples labeled B are stored securely.
Do the chemists know the name of the horse, owner, and
trainer for each sample?
No, they only know the unique number assigned to the sample, the date it
was collected, and the name of the competition or event. The document
that identies the horse, owner, and trainer is kept at the Program’s oce
in Ohio.
What kinds of tests are performed on the sample?
A broad range of screening tests are conducted. If any drugs are found,
state-of-the art conrmatory tests identify the chemical identity of the
drug or medication. No nding of a prohibited substance is reported unless
the test result is certain.
Is there a way I can nd out the status of my horses’ test?
Yes, please go to the Federation website usef.org/compete/resources-forms/
rules-regulations/drugs-medications/barcode-lookup approximately four
to six weeks following the sample collection. Type in your horse’s Sample ID
number. The sample will either be listed as “Cleared” or “Pending”.
What happens if nothing forbidden is detected in
the sample?
The sample will be listed as “Cleared” when the Sample ID is entered on the
USEF website.
What happens if something is detected in the sample A?
The B sample is available for conrmatory analysis, in the event the trainer
or owner wants it tested.
How long do they have to decide whether to test sample B?
The request must be made within 15 business days following notication
of positive by the Federation. Also, the testing must be done at a mutually
agreed upon Federation approved laboratory.
What assurance do I have that I will not wrongly
be accused of violating the rules because of
faulty evidence?
The entire process of the selection of horses for testing, the collection,
labeling, and sealing of samples, the security under which they are kept
and shipped to the laboratory, then inspected and tested, and the results
veried and re-veried if necessary, has been designed to ensure the
integrity and fairness of the process.
How is the equine drug program funded?
It is paid for by the $15 per entry drug testing fee with no additional cost to
the competitor.
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