PROMOTION OF AGRICULTURAL MECHANIZATION FOR IN-SITU
MANAGEMENT OF CROP RESIDUE IN THE STATES OF PUNJAB,
HARYANA, UTTAR PRADESH AND NCT OF DELHI
1.0 Introduction:
(i) Burning crop residue causes phenomenal pollution problems in the
atmosphere and huge nutritional loss and physical health
deterioration to the soil.
(ii) The burning of one tonne of paddy straw releases 3 kg particulate
matter, 60 kg CO, 1460 kg CO
2
, 199 kg ash and 2 kg SO
2
. These gases
affect human health due to general degradation in air quality resulting
in aggravation of eye and skin diseases. Fine particles can also
aggravate chronic heart and lung diseases.
(iii) One ton of paddy straw contains approximately 5.5 kg N, 2.3 kg P
2
O
5
,
25 kg K
2
O, 1.2 kg S, 50-70% of micro-nutrients absorbed by rice and
400 kg of carbon,which are lost due to burning of paddy straw. Apart
from loss of nutrients, some of the soil properties like soil temperature,
pH, moisture, available phosphorus and soil organic matter are greatly
affected due to burning.
(iv) Nonetheless, time available between the rice harvesting and wheat
sowing is very narrow and in the range of 20-30 days. It is envisaged
that appropriate strategies for in situ and ex-situ crop residue
management are planned for effective implementation to enable zero
burning.
(v) Various equipments/ machines such as Super Straw Management
System (SMS) attached with existing combine harvester, Happy
Seeder, Straw Chopper / Mulcher, Rotary Slasher, Reversible M B
Plough, Super Seeder, Baler and Rakes, Crop Reapers etc. have been
developed and successfully demonstrated in the farmers, fields.
(vi) Therefore, in view of above and in pursuance to the Budget 2018
announcement regarding a special Scheme to support the efforts of the
governments of Haryana, Punjab, Uttar Pradesh and the NCT of Delhi
to address air pollution and to subsidize machinery required for
management of crop residue, a new Central Sector Scheme on
‘Promotion of Agricultural Mechanization for In-Situ Management of
Crop Residue in the States of Punjab, Haryana, Uttar Pradesh and
NCT of Delhi’ for the period from 2018-19 to 2019-20 has been
implemented. The Scheme has been approved for continuation during